Internet Connections Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Internet Connections - Essay Example A wireless router may extend signals to about 100 feet in all directions, but these can be interrupted by walls. However to obtain enough coverage a range repeater or extender can be utilized. Moreover, a wireless network adapter installation will be needed in each of the devices that need to be connected. Any device that uses the Bluetooth can also be connected easily to each other, inside a 10 meters range, and most computers, printers, cell phones, home entertainment systems, cell phones, printers, computers and other gadgets come with this technology already been installed. However, Bluetooth adapter helps if it’s not built in the computer (Mitchell, n.d). a) I will prefer my DBMS server to be installed on separate machine as if other internet connected machine (e.g. Web server) may get compromised my database would be safe from this attack (Martinez, n.d). b) Web server software allows a computer to host different websites via the domain name system (DNS). This system translates domain names that are people-friendly, such as "domain.com" into Internet protocol (IP) addresses that pertain to the server that actually stores the information. It also enables a single server to host multiple websites or applications, despite the fact that computers traditionally only have one IP. Email servers are a part of an overall message system (Squared, 2009). Hubs are utilized in networks that employ twisted-pair wiring to join devices. Hubs can be connected together to make larger networks. These are easy devices that direct information packets to every device linked to them. Switches, like hubs are connectivity spots in Ethernet network. Devices are connected to switches by twisted-pair wiring, each device having one cable. Switches receive data and forward it to only that port which is connected to the target device by learning the devices’ MAC address connected to it, and by

Human Resource Management in the Public Office Essay Example for Free

Human Resource Management in the Public Office Essay Is money the most important incentive tool in the public sector? Is performance-based pay an effective way to motivate employees to be more productive? Discuss the positive and negative benefits associated with broadbanded pay systems. The public sector mainly deals with the economic and administrative delivery of goods and services from the government to the nation’s people. Such a role requires true commitment to service and to the objective of improving the general welfare of individuals. Moreover, public servants uphold such commitments with a unique set of priorities that are not centered on material and financial gains but rather on what their capabilities and achievements could contribute to others’ betterment. This ideal may just as easily set public servants apart from members of the labor force that render their services for profit. This in consideration, financial rewards may not be the top priority of public servants but it is definitely an effective incentive tool across sectors from private to public. A way of granting incentive to employees is thru performance-based pay. This compensation scheme entails salary increases and rewarding of bonuses to employees that were able to achieve or surpass the goals related to their scope of work. Under such a scheme, employees become more motivated to produce high quality service with the end goal of producing evidently positive results. At the same time, since such a scheme requires that the salary increase be justified by the exemplary performance of the employee, there would be less incidences of increases and promotions made on the mere basis of office politics. Once it becomes evident to employees that they now have an equal playing field, this would additionally motivate them to prove themselves worthy of recognition and incentives. In line with effective human resource management, public sectors are developing broadband pay systems, which essentially implement broad pay ranges to groupings formed on the basis of like duties while maintaining high flexibility in order to cater to the needs and demands of a diverse workforce. Such pay systems may pose both advantages and disadvantages to the employees and agencies. An example of advantages to the employees is that the method of grouping may provide an opportunity for their positions to be reclassified to a higher grade as indicated by the complexity and breadth of their responsibilities. This would probably work in the favor of an employee who handles several tasks that are usually performed by more than one person in some offices. Another advantage is for the part of government offices because by utilizing high technology and efficient information systems to implement the broadband pay mechanisms, an optimized data gathering method shall be in place and process will be systematized. This would ultimately lead to more practical and efficient use of available human and financial resources, and big cumulative savings for the government. On the other hand, a disadvantage for the agencies could be that negotiations on job classifications or groupings might require them to disclose to labor unions sensitive information that might result to operational security concerns. How can an organization utilize employee benefits as part of its recruitment and retention efforts? How can an organization’s commitment to learning result in lower worker turnover? How do issues related to employee benefits and learning affect worker performance? Human resource is the best asset that any establishment could possibly have. Every day, a great number of organizations and establishments rise up or crumble by the excellence or mediocrity of their employees. In fact, any institution may employ the best possible technologies and may even be in the most dynamic and progressive industry but all these would not make the business a success if without talented and skillful employees. Thus to ensure the best possible recruits and the capacity to retain the most seasoned and esteemed talents, organizations build attractive compensation packages and employee development programs. By nurturing employees under these development programs and with attractive rewards, organizations hope to keep the loyalty of their talent pool and add new recruits that possess the same aptitude and skills. All these steps are taken by organizations under the knowledge that all employees would base their employer preferences that cater to their needs and growth t he most. Furthermore, these needs and growth expectations must be taken to mean not just financial benefits but more importantly how the organization could enrich one’s talents and allow him or her to maximize potentials. In order to nurture its talent pool, organizations may enroll their employees to various classes that teach or further establish the knowledge that they have related to the tasks that they perform in the office. Through these classes, employees develop a sense of fulfillment and satisfaction because they find that they are able to tap in to more of their potentials. Thus, with the knowledge that there are more things that they could learn and do, they find that they also have more to offer the organization that they are part of. By allowing their employees to grow into high potential individuals, organizations not only keep their employees loyal and their turnover rates low, they also gain from the enriched talents and skills that their human resources apply in their day to day work. An organization’s spending on training and development programs for its employees is part of its human resource investment. As with products sold in banks or stock market, or purchases of equipments by production companies, expenses incurred by organizations related to employee training are acknowledged with the expectation that they will bring forth returns to the organization by way of improved employee performances that lead to better working processes and achievement of the organization’s vision and mission. Pershing, Stolovitch, and Keeps (2006) further support the relationship between employee performance and learning by stating that the latter allows the workforce to become more connected to the organization through an increased knowledge of how better he could be of service, and that the nurturing process offered to these employees allow them to be better prepared for changes and more open to process improvements. In essence, all employees are practical individuals in that they stay in the organization that appreciate them the most and reward them sufficiently for the quality of work that they render. It is with this knowledge that organizations build progressive employee benefit and retention programs. These organizations know all too well that employees perform best under development and reward programs that offer holistic growth. Such growth pertains to several factors in the lives of an individual. Compare and contrast the difference in terminating workers in public organizations versus private companies? What at the implications of at-will employment for public sector workers? One of the major differences between public organizations and private companies is the objective or mission with which their workforce operates. As established earlier, public sector workers can be largely considered as volunteers for social, economic, and even political causes whereas the workforce of private companies are mostly there for profitable gains. This in mind, the mere concept of a decrease in the workforce in the public sector poses several challenges because it may not be easy for the organization to come by public servants who are willing to work for the same cause. One way in which the workforce of any institution is reduced is thru employee termination. Termination is the process by which the organization puts a stop to an individual’s membership or service to the organization against his or her will. There are various reasons why termination is imposed on an individual. It may be that the employee has violated certain organizational policies or ethical standards, or rendered unsatisfactory job performance, or may even have been because he or she had a conflict with his or her supervisor. On the other hand, the employee may also be subject to termination when the company undergoes a restructuring phase that necessitated downsizing in its workforce, or if the employee’s responsibilities have been found to be redundant. Employee termination occurs in both public and private offices but there are some notable differences. One such difference is that employees of private companies are often hired under contract whereas those working in public offices are often employed at-will, meaning that they do not have a formal employment contract binding him or her and the employer. Although all employees are protected by labor laws, employees in the public sector are more vulnerable to termination because of the at-will nature of their employment.

The Power of the Atomic Bomb in Shaping the Post-War World Essay

The Power of the Atomic Bomb in Shaping the Post-War World There were few men in Washington who understood the role the atomic bomb could play in ending World War II and shaping the peace. Military planning focused on two options, conventional bombing accompanied by a blockade or an invasion of the Japanese home islands. Both options were so problematic politically and militarily that policymakers who were familiar with the Manhattan Project found it difficult to oppose the bomb’s use. There were also few men who knew the role the bomb could play in winning the peace. President Harry S. Truman, Secretary of State James F. Byrnes, and Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson saw the bomb as a way to shape the post-war world in the American image, without reliance on regional allies to maintain peace throughout the world. Thus, the question in 1945 was not why should the bomb be used, but rather, why should it not be used? The conventional bombing and blockade option was the less attractive option for ending the war. The Joint Intelligence Staff could not provide an accurate estimate of the time required to force Japan to surrender unconditionally through blockade and bombardment alone. Estimates ranged from two months to two years. The lower estimates counted on a clarification of surrender terms to induce Japan to surrender. It also required area bombing of Japanese cities. Advocates of the plan also called for the acquisition of more favorable bases surrounding Japan in order to consolidate the blockade and intensify the bombing. Doing so would have required additional amphibious assaults on the China coast and Korea. If such operations were to be undertaken, Army critics asked, why not use the same amphibious resources to d... ...Washington: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army. Offner, Arnold A. "President Truman, the Potsdam Conference, and the Origins of Atomic Diplomacy." Presented at International Conference: "Fifty Years After: The Close of the Pacific War Re-Examined" Sponsored by International House of Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan, August 23-26, 1995. Sherwin, Martin J. A World Destroyed: Hiroshima and the Origins of the Arms Race. New York: Vintage Books, 1987. Sigal, Leon V. Fighting to the Finish: The Politics of War Termination in the United States. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988. Skates, John Ray. The Invasion of Japan: Alternative to the Bomb. Columbia,SC: Univesrity of South Carolina Press, 1994. Stoff, Michael B. (et al, eds.) The Manhattan Project: A Documentary Introduction to the Atomic Age. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991.

Blue Cross and Blue Shields Association Essay

Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association is one of the many major health insurance companies in the United States. The company was started by a man named Dr. Justin Ford Kimball in 1929. Kimball started the program because he noticed that teachers had a huge burden of medical bills in his area. He started a plan for teachers to be able to have a three week hospital stay covered for as little as fifty cents a month. The first plan was a hit when over 1250 teachers enrolled at once (Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association History). The plan started to spread throughout the United States. In 1934, E.A. van Steenwyk designed the Blue Cross name and symbol. By 1938 there were 38 Blue Cross plans in the United States with a total enrollment if 1.4 million (Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association History). Blue Shield was developed in 1939 in California and was designed to cover the costs of physician’s services. In 1948, Blue Cross and Blue Shield merged and because what we know it as t oday as Blue Cross and Blue Shield. Since 1998, Blue Cross Blue Shield has over 3,012,571 customers insured (Health Insurance). Since the start of the company in 1929, Blue Cross and blue shield has expanded all across the United States and offers many insurance products. Blue Cross and Blue Shield offers a variety of different plans to meet a families’ or an individuals needs. Blue Cross and Blue Shields has over thirty eight independently ran and locally operated companies from Hawaii all the way to New York. The companies offer a variety of plans for medical, dental, and vision. There are many different options to choose from and plenty of resources available online to choose which is best. One plan the companies offer is the Consumer Directed Health (CDH) Plan. This is a high deductible plan that employers offer to their employees that have lower health costs for their employees because the employers cover part of the costs (Consumer Directed Health Plans). Some key highlights of the plan are lower monthly premiums, higher annual deductibles, preventive care at no cost or with modest copay, and combined deductible for medical and pharmacy  expenses (Consumer Directed Health Plans). There are two plans that can be combined with the CDH whi ch are Health Savings Accounts (HSA) and Health Reimbursement Arrangements (HRA). Both of these are where the employer helps the employee pay out of pocket expenses for medical care. There are a few other plans that the company offers such as Healthy Reward 2.0 which encourages employees to live a healthier lifestyle and earn rewards by doing so. Another plan is the Blue Choice Advantage Plan that allows the insured to go to any doctor they choose without a referral (Blue Choice Advantage). These are only a few of the health care plans offered by Blue Cross and Blue Shield and there are many more to choose from. Blue Cross Blue Shield also offers a variety of dental plans for the family or for an individual. The first program is called the CareFirst Blue Choice Discount Dental Program. This program offers twenty to forty percent off of all dental needs using the list of providers who accept this program. Another program that Blue Cross Blue Shield offers is the Dental Health Maintenance Organization (DHMO) which offers preventative and corrective dental care at a predictable price. CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield (CareFirst) Preferred (PPO) Dental offers the insured to pick any provider they would like, but have the option to use an in network provider and have cheaper costs. There are a few more plans offered for dental just requires research to find the best option for a family or an individual. The company also offers a few different options for a vision plan that fall along the same lines as the dental. The plans give you the option to use in network providers that are offered at a cheape r cost or you can choose any provider you desire just a little more out of pocket costs. There are a few special programs that the insurance company offers such as Premium-Only Plan (POP), Flexible Spending Accounts (FSA), and BlueWorldwide Expat (BWE). â€Å"The POP allows employees to designate their monthly health, dental, and vision premiums as â€Å"pre-tax, easy to set up and requires very little administration, reduces FICA withholdings for the employer and employee, and converts after-tax contributions to pre-tax contributions. Contributions to FSAs means lower taxes for members and employer it lowers FICA taxes, controls benefit costs, manages compensation, and employees pay for expenses with pretax dollars. The BWE offers Comprehensive indemnity-based products  for employees and dependents, centralized administration and claims payment, 24-hour medical assistance and customer service, medical evacuation and repatriation, cashless access to inpatient services, multilingual assistance, access to more than 25,000 internationally credentialed providers, and access to Blue Card indemnity network of providers while traveling to the U.S., flexible benefits, and currency conversion† (Medical). In today’s economy it is essential to find affordable health insurance. There are hundreds of websites online that can give you free quotes and help find affordable health insurance. It is best to research as much as possible to find out what all is offered and which plan is best for the family or an individual. Blue Cross Blue Shield has been around since 1929 and is widely used across the United States and has thousands of providers so it is easy to find a provider close. The company is i n thirty eight states and has over three million insured and growing every day. With our healthcare system changing everyday it is nice to see some names that have been around for a long time. Hopefully, companies like Blue Cross Blue Shield will be around for many more years to come. Bibliography 1. Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association History. (n.d.). History of Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association à ¢ FundingUniverse. Retrieved from http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/blue-cross-and-blue-shield-association-history/ 2. Blue Cross Blue Shield. (2012, May 14). Health Insurance. Retrieved July 15, 2012, from http://www.ehealthinsurance.com/ehi/healthinsurance/bcbs?allid=Goo28708 3. Consumer-Directed Health Plans. (n.d.). CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield. Retrieved from https://employer.carefirst.com/wps/portal/Employers/CDHPlans?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/wcmwps/wcm/connect/Content-Employers/CareFirst/GAPortal/ProductOverviews/Tab/cdhWhatisaCDHPlan 4. Blue Choice Advantage. (n.d.). CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield. Retrieved from https://employer.carefirst.com/wps/portal/!ut/p/c5/jc7BDoIwEATQLzKdAq3lCKbQDQYkCgIXw8GYJgIejN8vvRkj6u7x7WSHdWzesX_YS3-309hfWcM6eQozWXAKfRR1CFAmqIjy2kMlZm9fPDWJAAXpTlFZcij5T3qTRiZYbwHoQwwvF3qfxIqD_B_po2u7fKHlm39o5_zbf-dYmAgsN9NwZrehamBp9QSM0lTI/d l3/d3/L2dJQSEvUUt3QS9ZQnZ3LzZfOUs2TzFJOTMwRzVIQTBJUzZVMkI0UTIwODY!/?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/wcmwps/wcm/connect/content-employers/carefirst/gaportal/

Utopia Story

Utopia Thomas Mere's utopia which was the predecessor for the concept continues to be appropriated into a range of cultures and contexts. Increasingly however, these are Utopias are dyspepsia. A utopia is defined as an imagined place or state of things in which everything is perfect. The word was first used in the book Utopia (1516) by Sir Thomas More. The opposite of utopia is a dyspepsia, an imagined place or state in which everything is unpleasant or bad, typically a totalitarian or environmentally degraded one.The themes present in the texts Utopia, Cataract, Fahrenheit 451 and the Pedestrian whether they are a Utopia or a Dyspepsia intertwine and give us a sense that the slightest push in any direction for our society could result in a catastrophic dyspepsia. In Ray Bursary's The Pedestrian, the idea of technology taking over and the decline of human feelings and interactions are strongly represented. In The Pedestrian Bradbury has used a futuristic setting of society to critiqu e It. He presents the undesired characteristics lying within our society and enhances and pronounces hem in The Pedestrian.He conveys the alienation and lack of emotions that is beginning to show in our society and presents them in his text a possible future for humanity if we were to go down that path. The way Bradbury represents technology in his short story is as if it is evil and tearing humanity apart. So devoid of emotion is the environment and surroundings of the main character that it creates a giant contrast to the main character to who Is, to the audience symbolizes as us, an average person All of the techniques such as metaphors and similes are used to enhance the alienation of the main character representing us from the environment and everything else.In the text Cataract, the main themes are, like the pedestrian, the taking over of technology and loss of humanity. In Cataract, It Is In the future and every child Is made and selected through a far more advanced form of I F where the best genes are extracted from the parent's and then Implanted back In the mother. The hair and eye color and sex are chosen, any possibility for diseased genes is removed and as he characters are told â€Å"the children are still you, simply the best of you†.The story centers on Vincent, a child who was conceived naturally and suffered immensely because of the new way to discriminate, through inferior genes. The way the world In Cataract Is presented to the audience, with employees checking Into work by having their fingers pricked to test their blood and how strictly business like and devoid of emotion it is works to present a possible dyspepsia for our society through Cataract. Science and technology is key, there is no time nor place for emotion, this is was Cataract represents.Fahrenheit 451 Is another dyspepsia text that presents the themes of lacking emotion and the taking over of technology, In this text, everything we know In our society has been twisted a nd stretched to the extreme to resemble something we barely recognize. Firemen are now employed to burn all books, starting fires instead of putting them out. The characters in this text are shadows, seemingly without a purpose or many emotions.The concept of talking to each other and enjoying the environment is alien to them, their only form of enjoyment a four wall TV that surrounds like a room, further cutting them off from emotion, humanity and enclosing them in technology as such. These Dyspepsia are all conceived from the original Utopia written by Sir Thomas More, and are used like More did, to critique the society the authors live or lived in. The extreme elements in each of these Utopias could be possible and that is what the authors wanted to present, almost like a warning to us. Emily Newman

Marketing Pepsi in China

Marketing Pepsi in China Free Online Research Papers This report presents a brief introduction and investigation of PepsiCo China’s marketing mix. 1. Introduction PepsiCo is one of the world largest manufacturers of food and soft drinks. Currently, it products are being sold in nearly 200 countries and number of employers has reached 198,000. Its sales volume of 2008 was over 43.3 billion USD. Today, it is universally acknowledged as one of the world’s most successful companies of consumer products. Enormous awards have gone in the worlds. In 2009, Pepsico is ranked 175 in the Fortune’s . 18 brands out of its series boast an annual sales volume of over 1 billion USD, including Pepsi-Cola, Mountain Dew, Gatorade, Lay’s, Diet Pepsi, Tropicana, Doritos, Lipton Teas, Quaker Cereals, Cheetos, 7-UP, Ruffles, Aquafina, Mirinda, Tostitos, Sierra Mist, Walkers, Fritos. Thus, this report aims to see how it achieves its 4P strategies-Product, Price, Place and Promotion. It is supposed to be a role model for both China’s small and medium enterprises and other potential business personnel who aims to enter this field. 2. The Marketing Mix 2.1 Product PepsiCo’s product portfolio has two main categories: non-alcoholic drinks and instant food. For non-alcoholic drinks, its products are designed for different purposes and tastes. Soda drinks-the most famous of its products, including Pepsi-Cola, Mirinda 7-UP and Mountain Dew.Sport drinks-Gatorade.Fruit juices-Tropicana series, Dole Traditional tea drinks-Lipton TeasHerbal tea-Herbal Life. PepsiCo has utilized various strategies in order to win over customers of different tastes. Its soda drinks entered China market first and have remained to be its flagship products. However, as criticism rose that soda drinks deteriorate consumers’ well-being, it had to take action then. PepsiCo never forgot the strategy of consumer first. Lipton Teas came out as demand for healthy drinks had increased. As told by experience and observation, fruit juices are young women’s favorite, thus the Tropicana series were brought into the market in the summer of 2007, not only to suit co nsumers’ demand, but also to combat with Coca-Cola, its archenemy. Actually, Dole has entered Chinese market for many years but has not performed very well. But this time is different. As fruit juices, this series did creatively combined various fruits together to achieve a unique taste of its every flavor which would not be easily replaced by other products. Although in the first quarter of 2009 its market share stays at roughly 7.2-ranking only fourth in mainland China, after Coca-Cola’s Minute Maid (since 2004) and President and Master Kong, it shows a positive trend. Always keep pace with your rivals is another strategy of PepsiCo, whether you are leading or falling behind. Meanwhile, its sports drink Gatorade has remained the number one giant in the US market. Besides these, an important strategy used by PepsiCo is localization. Originally, it had wanted to merge with Herbal Tea, the Chinese leader in the field of herbal tea. After the failure, PepsiCo decided to design a kind of herbal tea itself. Not long after in April 2009, Herbal Life, the first traditional Chinese drink of this American company came out. Its ingredients include lotus leaves and chrysanthemum leaves, etc., which are unprecedented throughout the company’s history. However, this not inspiring. becuse, Coca-Cola had brought up similar products before and ended up almost in failure. Actually, Chinese consumers are not likely to stash Herbal Tea aside and embrace Herbal Life, since above all, it doesn’t sound professional. 2.2 Price As the newcomer compared with Coca-Cola, PepsiCo has always been in the â€Å"challenger† role. In 1929’s Great Depression, Pepsi-Cola had declared price war on Coca-Cola by reducing its price by 50%. Price war had been the major method of competition through PepsiCo’s early decades. However, it did not reach the expected outcome and price war had gradually declined as a competition strategy. Statistics indicate that the cost of Pepsi-Cola’s concentration liquid is 6,400 RMB per unit (2002). Ultimately, it can produce a sales volume of approximately 36,700. Therefore, almost one third of its cost lies in concentration liquid. Currently, PET bottle of Pepsi-Cola with the volume of 600 ml’s retail prices ranges between 2.5 to 3 RMB. Meanwhile, its cost price stays at approximately 1 RMB. Therefore, its profit margin is very remarkable, at 150%200%. With such profit margin, the various bottling plants can take freedom in having sales promotions. Pepsi-Cola has gone neck-and-neck with its major rival Coca-Cola in terms of retail price for many years. After the failure of early price wars, PepsiCo clearly do not want to start up wrong again. In terms of pricing strategy, coherence is important. The current retail prices for PepsiCo products have remained stable for many years; therefore neither increase nor reduction is necessary. 2.3 Place The operation of PepsiCo China can be summed up as the â€Å"1+X† system (1 refers to the only concentrated liquid plant in Guangzhou and X refers to multiple bottling plants in all over China). Its sales channels can be divided into direct selling and wholesale cooperation, including traditional and non-traditional locales. Its traditional channel is through stores of different scales, ranging from roadside grocery stores to chain stores to hypermarkets like Carrefour and Wal-Mart; other channels include restaurants of various styles, net cafà ©s, wholesale markets, canteens stores in and around campuses, bus, train and gas stations etc. Among all these, department stores continue to play a leading role in its sales. However, ,while it is most convenient for the distribution in metropolitans where transportation is fast and safe, it is almost impossible for China’s vast rural areas where there are scanty of them. It is right in the rural China where Coca-Cola has long penetrated into its market. Moreover, the competition in rural China can be even fiercer than in urban areas, because it is the market that welcomes local cola more than anywhere else. The cost for Pepsi-Cola to enter rural market is rendered very high. Although PepsiCo knows well the advantages of a multi-channel market, its bottleneck of rural market vacuum has become a major hindrance. Another factor hindering PepsiCo’s further development lies right in the 1+X system. Since there is only one concentration liquid plant in Guangzhou, the southernmost city of mainland China, transportation of concentration liquids to multiple bottling plants have to be very efficient. If PepsiCo can have more concentration liquid plants in appointed areas that can cooperate and coordinate well, then the cost of transportation can be reduced remarkably, thus further improving the competence of its products. Thus PepsiCo China has utilized the 1+X operation system. Its two major channels’ development is not balanced: the department stores channel far outplay the other channel and methods. It is the main reason for Pepsi-Cola’s success in urban and metropolitans and comparative incompetence in rural China. 2.4 Promotion From the beginning, PepsiCo had been the inglorious copycat of Coca Cola. Throughout decades, Pepsi Cola was not that â€Å"trendy† as Coca Cola. This situation had lasted until mid 1980s. However, things started to change since 1994 when PepsiCo decided to bring celebrity effect into full play and use all star shockwave that belongs to the whole IMC strategy. It was in this year that superstar Michael Jackson became its spokesman. A new era began. A Galaxy Fleet was built. In 1985, Leslie Cheung became its first Asian spokesman. When China was crazy about soccer, Pepsi Cola had David Beckham, Ronaldinho, Thierry Henry and Raul Gonzalez all wore bluethe Pepsi color. The power of music transcends all boundaries; therefore top singers were recruited to sing out â€Å"Ask for More†-its new corporate spirit adopted in 1998. Its choice of spokesmen is based on its corporate spirit. In the years that followed, Hong Kong singers including Faye Wong-symbol of â€Å"cool†, Aaron Kwok-symbol of â€Å"dynamic† and Kelly Chan were the spokesmen for Pepsi Cola. Even Edison Chan’s show biz debutant was a Pepsi commercial. Pepsi had made full use of its spokesmen: all their value had not been wasted. . â€Å"All Star† has become PepsiCo’s prime strategy for promotion. Up to now, the net of Pepsi has spread much broader. Besides the newly added Hong Kong actor Louis Koo, Taiwan singers F4.Jay Chou, Jolin Tsai, Alan Luo all became its icons. In 2007, actor Huang Xiao Ming became the first mainland star to speak for Pepsi Cola. It even cooperated with the Madame Tussauds’ Shanghai to demonstrate its irresistible charm. PepsiCo has different stars for different Asian market. It is noteworthy that PepsiCo do not just pay staggering bills to any successful stars. The styles of these stars are in close resemblance of Pepsi Cola’s global image, even they are local. Another efficient promotional strategy utilized by PepsiCo is alliance between giants. Although KFC had been split up from PepsiCo in October 1997, the two giants still have close cooperation. PepsiCo offers all soda drinks in KFC. As KFC adopted its localization strategy -new fast food for China- and actively changed its operation methods to suit Chinese market, it has long surpassed its archenemy McDonald’s to become the most favorite foreign fast food chains . As its partner, PepsiCo also enjoys huge profits. Also, its sports drink Gatorade strategic partnership with NBA proves to be a most successful one. In today’s China, basketball has replaced soccer to be the most popular sports, especially for teenage boys. The fact that every NBA superstar, including the Greatest-of-all-times Michael Jordan drinks Gatorade leaves such a strong impression on audience that it is considered to be much more stylish to drink Gatorade than other Chinese sports drinks. Thus to sum up, besides common discount strategy, PepsiCo China majorly utilizes two other promotional strategies-all star and alliance between giants, which are simple but super efficient. 3. Conclusion PepsiCo China’s core marketing strategy is localization and focusing on young consumers. Centered upon these, strategies involving product, price, place and promotion are designed to perform smoothly and coordinate with others. Its products are basically American, but have taken a first step in the development of Herbal Life; its prices strategies have gone through the stage of price war and remained rather stable in recent years when Chinese consumer’s purchase power has increased; its placing strategies are direct selling and wholesale, with department stores playing the leading role that results in the success of urban markets and incompetence in rural markets; finally, in accordance with its core market in urban area, all star strategy is utilized to build up its product image of the choice of young people. Reference http://finance.sina.com.cn/leadership/mqdgl/20070922/19414005092.shtml wabei.com/news/200903/182310.html http://business.sohu.com/54/36/article204133654.shtml Research Papers on Marketing Pepsi in ChinaDefinition of Export QuotasMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaTwilight of the UAWOpen Architechture a white paperThe Fifth HorsemanBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfGenetic EngineeringThe Hockey Game

Brief Overview of the Anti-Lynching Crusade Movement

Brief Overview of the Anti-Lynching Crusade Movement The Anti-lynching movement was one of many civil rights movements established in the United States. The purpose of the movement was to end lynching of African-American men and women. The movement was comprised mainly of African-American men and women who worked in a variety of ways to end the practice. Origins of Lynching Following the passing of the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments, African-Americans were considered full citizens of the United States. As they sought to build businesses and homes that would help establish communities, white supremacist organizations sought to repress African-American communities. With the establishment of Jim Crow laws prohibiting African-Americans from being able to participate in all aspects of American life, white supremacists had destroyed their enfranchisement. And to destroy any means of success and oppress a community, lynching was used to create fear. Establishment Although there is no clear founding date of the anti-lynching movement, it peaked around the 1890s. The earliest and most reliable record of lynching were found in 1882 with 3,446 victims being African-American men and women. Almost concurrently, African-American newspapers began  publishing news articles and editorials to show their outrage at these acts. For instance, Ida B. Wells-Barnett expressed her outrage in the pages of Free Speech a paper she published out of Memphis. When her offices where burned in retaliation for her investigative journalism, Wells-Barnett continued to work from New York City, publishing A Red Record. James Weldon Johnson wrote about lynching in the New York Age. Later as a leader in the NAACP, he organized silent protests against the actionshopeing to bring national attention. Walter White, also a leader in the NAACP, used his light complextion to gather research in the South about lynching. The publication of this news article bought national attention to the issue and as a result, several organizations were established to fight against lynching. Organizations The anti-lynching movement was spearheaded by organizations such as the National Association of Colored Women (NACW), the National Association of Colored People (NAACP), the Council for Interracial Cooperation (CIC) as well as the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching (ASWPL). By using education, legal action, as well as news publications, these organizations worked to end lynching. Ida B. Wells-Barnett worked with both the NACW and NAACP to establish anti-lynching legislation. Women such as Angelina Weld Grimke and Georgia Douglass Johnson, both writers, used poetry and other literary forms to expose the horrors of lynching. White women joined in the fight against lynching in the 1920s and 1930s. Women such as Jessie Daniel Ames and others worked through the CIC and ASWPL to end the practice of lynching. The writer, Lillian Smith wrote a novel entitled Strange Fruit in 1944. Smith followed up with a collection of essays entitled Killer of Dreams in which she bought the arguments established by the ASWPL to the national forefront. Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill African-American women, working through the National Association of Colored Women (NACW) and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), were among the first to protest lynching. During the 1920s, the Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill became the first anti-lynching bill to be voted on by the Senate. Although the Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill ultimately did not become a law, its supporters did not feel they had failed. The attention made citizens of the United States condemn lynching. In addition, money raised to enact this bill was given to the NAACP by Mary Talbert. The NAACP used this money to sponosor its federal antilynching bill that was proposed in the 1930s.

Genetic Engineering Ethics Essay Sample

Genetic Engineering Ethics Essay Sample Genetic Engineering Ethics Essay Genetic engineering is the integration between biological and engineering applications that the population does not recognize up to this day. This is because it is a profession that does not show their process in the public due to the issue of morality and ethical jurisprudence. However, most companies utilize genetic engineering as a way to modify the food source to become productive. These are companies who are engaged in the production of food products to supply the growing number of consumers with perishable items. Genetic engineering is considered important because of the functionality and existence help to sustain the survival of organisms such as humans and animals. The practice of genetic engineering is widely applied to manufacturing plants where they integrate the use of technology with biological life. You may not be aware that the food that you consume on a daily basis is manufactured using genetic engineering applications. One example is instant foods that are packed in plastic, box, or cans that are usually available in supermarkets or grocery stores in your area. Processed meats are also considered genetically engineered because it used numerous experimentation applications by scientists and researchers to improve the quality of taste as well as its effect on the body. The reason behind is that companies want to prevent any risk for safety for all consumers who want to try their product. Fast food companies are heavy users of genetic engineering because the majority of their food is genetically engineered by their production facilities. One reported scenario is when there is one fast food chain that is producing chickens with three pairs of legs to ensure the growing demand of the population around the world. Genetic engineering has been under criticism due to their practice of modifying organisms. The main critic is the church, which rejects the practice of genetically modified organisms because it violates the principles of morality. Modification of organism for food has been questioned because it portrays the credibility of the company for promoting products that are naturally grown. In this case, the value of modified organism that is sold for food or items that support physical activity is sometimes denied by conservative government institutions. All organisms should not be artificially grown because it destroys the essence of promoting a product that is made up of artificial mixtures. Sometimes, companies who are involved in genetic engineering practice to their products are summoned for inquest proceedings by the lawmakers of a certain country to determine if there are laws that were violated for modifying products with artificial materials. In the present era, genetic engineering may not be a comfortable topic for the general public because it generates debate. This is because conservative groups reject the concept about modifying the natural elements of our environment. However, with the rising population and the growing need for space, genetic engineering helps to sustain humanity’s survival. This is because genetic engineering might be the answer for the growing scarcity of resources that are responsible for depleting the food supply around the world. Underdeveloped countries are unable to provide food for their community due to the lack of natural resource to feed its population. With the existence of genetic engineering, it can help save our environment by allowing an additional source of food supply to prevent hunger and famine that impacts the health and longevity of the population (Pollack, 2015). Genetic engineering is applied in the pharmacological industry wherein medical practitioners are aiming to find a cure to a certain disease. Vaccination is a clear product of genetic engineering because it values the significance of finding a new solution to improve the quality of life for every patient. When there are new medications that are now being processed, medically tested, and approved, it becomes a commodity in the market so that people can have an access to the newly formulated medication to improve their health care status. In medicine, the creation of modified structure through the creation of new medicine aims to prevent the spread of a disease that is considered deadly and potentially hazardous to the population. Although it is challenged by the warriors of conservativism, genetics still continue to incorporate scientific studies and experimentation to benefit the interest of the population. In order to understand the mechanics of genetic engineering, it is important to learn more about the function of this particular application. The reason behind is to orient the public regarding the benefits of this application that can provide a justifiable functionality in the future. Genetic engineering is a product of human’s critical decision-making process to ensure that the safety of the public is always ensured. The general goal of genetic engineering is the sustainability of every individual to live a longer life. Even if there are challenges that are stressed by interest groups, genetic engineering still proves that there is more beneficial impact that it produced rather than risking the lives of the public. If there are violations committed by companies using genetic engineering to their consumers or interest groups, then the local government unit can apprehend the situation. Reference Pollack, Andrew (2015).  Genetically Engineered Salmon Approved for Consumption.  The New York Times.

The Think Aloud Learning Strategy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Think Aloud Learning Strategy - Assignment Example The authors state that the Think Aloud method of recognizing cognition is a way of learning the productive thinking process of students, a fact that is confirmed by the research studies that the researchers conducted. The Think Aloud strategy is a process used by effective teachers to demonstrate the effectiveness of the strategy to students. This is done by demonstrating the ease of solving problems that require cognitive thinking to solve the problems. The importance of the Think Aloud process is a way that can be used by teachers to assess how their students respond to hard tasks in the classroom setting. This is because the process gives teachers the opportunity to learn the weaknesses of their students in problem solving situations, therefore, helping in the identification of effective solutions. The process also teaches students the importance of internal dialogue in problem identification and solution, a fact that leads to the effective development of reading skills. The Think Aloud process allows students to develop into reflective and independent learners, therefore, leading to effective achievement of learning tasks. This factor is beneficial because it allows the student to approach problems with the proper mindset for effective solutions. ... Therefore, the teacher monitoring the students is able to identify weak spots in the reading strategy employed by the student, and propose effective solutions to the problems. The Think Aloud strategy is also used in problem solution, where the student refers to the steps already completed in the solution process, and identifies errors or difficulties encountered. Therefore, the Think Aloud strategy is used to improve the problem solving capability of the students and improve their learning ability. The other application of the Think Aloud process is to research and data collection. The process of thinking aloud when performing a difficult task is also useful in collecting data related to the cognitive process of a test subject. This means that, a researcher aiming to study the cognitive process can utilize the Think Aloud strategy to identify the cognitive processes involved in the thinking process; therefore, the results can be used to map cognitive processes. According to Johnston e, Bottsford-Miller and Thompson (2006), the Think Aloud process is independent of the interpretive process in the human brain; therefore, the data collected from the process is viable and cannot be manipulated by a student or researcher. Therefore, the Think Aloud process can be identified to be of importance in the solution process of a research study. #3 In the health care industry, the Think Aloud process can also be used to identify solutions to the problems stated above. According to Phaneuf (2009), the nursing industry is currently exposed to changing situations and increasing workloads. The author states that after the change in nursing

Importance Role of Cooperation in Achievement of Goals Essay

Importance Role of Cooperation in Achievement of Goals - Essay Example Graduating from school with satisfactory grades was one of the most important goals I have achieved that exemplifies the importance of cooperation. I always registered poor grades prior to my final examination. Thus, I realized that I had to take action in order to achieve decent grades in my final examination. Coincidentally, three of my classmates realized the need to improve their grades and we eventually became a team when doing our revision in order to achieve our individual goals. In this regard, we came up with a program that would help us come together to revise and teach each other what we independently knew. In addition, we could help each other improve essays that we wrote in class in order to make them better. Furthermore, we could ask for teachers on tips that we could use for effective group work, in different subjects, in order to achieve that common goal that we so desired. Eventually, we became better each passing day and our grades ultimately improved through cooper ating with each other in revision. In order to achieve our individual goals, we had to cooperate and learn a lesson from small creatures like wasps, ants, bees, and other similar creatures. These diminutive creatures epitomize the importance of cooperation, which is a lesson we can learn as human beings. In this regard, these tiny creatures teach us the fundamental aspect of unity for a common goal. Therefore, we had to unite in order to achieve the common goal of improving our grades towards the final examination.

Physical Structure of a Neuron (Neuron-to-Neuron Communication) Essay

Physical Structure of a Neuron (Neuron-to-Neuron Communication) - Essay Example Examples of the ten different body systems are the circulatory system, the digestive system, the integumentary (skin), the skeletal, the muscular, the digestive, respiratory, the reproductive, the endocrine and the nervous system. All these systems work together in harmony that makes the human body a complex whole. Vitamins, nutrients and minerals are necessary for all the systems to work perfectly to attain and maintain good health. Regular exercise, proper diet and a healthy lifestyle all contribute and work together to make these systems function properly. Perhaps one of the most complex body system is the nervous system. This is the set of body system that is composed of very highly-specialized cells involved with the receiving and its transmission of information from both internal and external stimuli. In other words, this system is responsible for the receipt and relay of various communications within the human body. It is a complex system composed of the brain, the spinal colu mn and the nerves. The nervous system also includes the special sense organs of the eyes, the ears, nose, taste buds and skin. In effect, the nervous system is the control system of the human body. It is a sort of a command center made up of the central nervous system (brain and spinal column) and the peripheral nervous system (the spinal nerves and the twelve cranial nerves). ... It is also known by other terms like biopsychology, behavioural neuroscience and physiological psychology but the ultimate aim is the same, which is to better understand how a human nervous system and its components explain our behaviours as well as various ailments. In this regard it is very important to study and understand how biological processes affect not only behaviours and emotions but the entire cognitive process as well. For this purpose, it is crucial to explore how a person's actions are greatly influenced by the brain, neurotransmitters and the nervous system. It is therefore necessary to study the complex inter-relationship between anatomy and physiology in the complex human process of biological growth and development. This very fascinating field of study has already yielded some useful insights into how the nervous system affects and influences the entire body and indeed the whole person through a discovery of the role of chemical transmission by neurotransmitters wit hin this system in relay of information from various stimuli (Wickens, 2005, p. 11). It is in this connection that this paper is discussing the basic unit of the nervous system which is the neuron and how the neurons in turn transmit crucial information between them. An understanding of a neuron's physical structure is a necessary adjunct to the process of understanding in the entire chemical transmission process. An example of a neurotransmitter is dopamine; too little of it causes Parkinson's and Alzheimer's but too much of it is associated with psychological disorders like dyslexia and schizophrenia. Physical Structure of a Neuron – the neuron is a single cell which is the basic unit or building block of the entire nervous system.

Political Science Major Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Political Science Major - Research Paper Example The New York Times, in an effort to bring a balance to this debate, allowed an exchange of ideas regarding the topic â€Å"Do Police Use Deadly Force Too Often†. I have chosen to use the same topic as the thesis statement for this essay since this is a timely and quite controversial topic that does not seem to have an accurate response in sight. It is my personal opinion that the police have not been using excessive force when dealing with dangerous situations. I will be presenting my supporting opinion in the latter part of this essay. In the meantime, I will be presenting both sides of the issue and hopefully, end up offering some knowledge and considerations to the reader that have not been a part of their consideration of the topic before. Seth Stoughton,a professor from the University of South Carolina School of Law has had the privilege of being both a police officer and a state investigator. He shared his opinion with the New York Times regarding the debate about use of excessive force. It was his opinion that the wrong question is being asked in the debate. Rather than having a public that asks if the shooting was justified, the public should instead be asking if the shooting could have been avoided (Stoughton, Seth â€Å"Police Shouldnt Ask If a Shooting is Justified, But if its Avoidable†). Stoughton spoke from a unique perspective. Having had the experience of a police officer and state investigator, he has found himself in the same situation as the officers accused of using excessive force. The opinion he raised was based upon his personal experience and first hand knowledge of the common scenarios that the police are called upon to respond to. He knew that police officers face extreme circumstances eve ryday. It was his opinion that the use of extreme force cannot be avoided, but it can be limited. Stoughton explains: The tragic shooting of Tamir Rice last November puts the difference between â€Å"justified† and â€Å"avoidable† in stark

World History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

World History - Essay Example The former colonies and developing countries in the twentieth century experienced unequal distribution of wealth and widespread poverty due to colonialism (Strayer, 2013). Accordingly, the developing countries started mining precious metals like diamonds that were sold to former colonizers in return for imports. The developing countries had low levels of education and depended on manual labor thus leading to high costs of production and low output in the economy. The former colonies and developing countries were faced by several ethnic based tensions and conflicts due to struggle for control of political power and natural resources like land and grazing fields that supported the economy (Strayer, 2013). Accordingly, several developing countries engaged in wars with each other due to poorly documented international borders that were demarcated by the colonial powers in order to ease the control of violent tribal groups (Strayer, 2013). Differences in experiences of the former colonies and developing countries in the twentieth century to the earlier ‘new nations’ in the Americas in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries After attainment of independence, experienced internal power conflicts among the several states since the federal government had the powers to set the public policies and collect taxes across the country (Strayer, 2013). Accordingly, some states worried that centralization of power would lead to abuse of human rights and thus amendments to the US constitution was necessary in order to entrench the bill of rights (Strayer, 2013). The ‘new nations’ in Americas attained independence after revolutions that occurred in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The French revolution, Spanish and Portuguese revolutions led to creation of independent countries in Latin America such as Chile, Uruguay, Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia and Argentina. However, internal divisions in Latin America marked the onset of creation of many of the new governments and countless revolts that prohibited Latin America from being united (Strayer, 2013). The new nations experienced political instability due to lack of constitutions and weak political systems that granted opportunity to rise of military leaders. Latin American new nations experienced social instability since the ruling elite and rebellions that led to mass murders and population transfers from native agricultural lands (Strayer, 2013). Central and North America experienced high growth in trade-networks and economic expansion of commercial agriculture due to availability of indentured servitudes that came from countries like India and China (Strayer, 2013). Accordingly, ‘new nations’ Americas saw growth in the size of militaries in the 19th century due to increased war tensions and military innovation by European countries. The encounter with other people and migration of the citizens led to diseases like smallpox, measles and influenza thus leading to d eath of thousands of citizens in those countries (Strayer, 2013). The new nations experienced religious revival and Great Awakening that spread across America due to advent of evangelicalism that believed new ‘new birth’ in spreading the gospel. There was spread of various religious denominations such as Methodists, Baptists, and Presbyterians that countered the beliefs of Quakers and Congregationalists (Strayer, 2013). The former colonies experienced neo-colonialism that contributed to decline in autonomy and political viability of the existing independent states. The former colonizers desired to maintain their influence through providing economic assistance in return for development contracts and markets for goods thus contributing to cordial relations with the former

Can educational inequalities be explained by children and young Essay

Can educational inequalities be explained by children and young people's social economic and cultural background - Essay Example Antoine defines this phenomena as â€Å"a situation in which individual groups in a society do not have equal social status, social class, and social circle.† (THE INEQUALITY PROJECT). Such social stratification is known to exist in the form of income groups and cultural backgrounds. Research and case studies provide further evidence to the sociologist’s claim that social class has an impact on educational opportunity. The disadvantage that a student faces as compared to other students can be explained as an extension of the disadvantages he or she may face as a result of belonging to a certain social group. Thus, a strong positive relationship can be drawn between social class and educational opportunity – the higher the social class is, the higher the quality of education achieved, and vice versa. Based on credible research and scholarly work, educational inequalities can be explained through the social economic and cultural background of the individual, making the attainment of education a process highly influenced by social factors. To understand educational inequality, it is important to first look into the factors that cause such inequalities to exist in the first place. Sociologists identify three main influences in this respect, namely, the income, gender and ethnicity group an individual belongs to. The correlation between poor income households and poor education has been proven through multiple researches. A Research report by Michael Holzman titled â€Å"A Rotting Apple† focuses on educational inequalities in New York City. It reveals that districts with high rates of poverty have a generally low quality of education, with teachers that are less experienced and schools having limited access to resources such as computers and internet as compared to schools in high income localities (SCHOTT FOUNDATION, 2012). This may be explained by the fact that households belonging to low income strata of the society may be not be able to afford sending their children to schools that offer better education with skilled teachers. As a result, the children in these low income area schools, when compared to those from high income areas, achieve less academic success. This supports the point that educational inequality is caused by differences in the income levels of the household the students belong to. Another factor that influences educational inequality is the cultural advantage students for middle class households have as compared to those from working class families. Basil Bernstein explains how children from varying backgrounds develop different codes, or forms of speech, during their early lives, which affect their subsequent school experience.† (GIDDENS, 1996) Bernstein classified the speech of working class families and middle class families as represented by a restricted code and elaborated code respectively. Working class parents are most likely to instruct or explain values and lessons to their chil dren using the minimum of words, and assuming that certain things are understood. On the other hand, middle class parents are most likely to explain and instruct their children by giving them elaborate explanations and reasons about why something is good or bad (BERNSTEIN,1977). In schools, teachers use the elaborated

World History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

World History - Essay Example The former colonies and developing countries in the twentieth century experienced unequal distribution of wealth and widespread poverty due to colonialism (Strayer, 2013). Accordingly, the developing countries started mining precious metals like diamonds that were sold to former colonizers in return for imports. The developing countries had low levels of education and depended on manual labor thus leading to high costs of production and low output in the economy. The former colonies and developing countries were faced by several ethnic based tensions and conflicts due to struggle for control of political power and natural resources like land and grazing fields that supported the economy (Strayer, 2013). Accordingly, several developing countries engaged in wars with each other due to poorly documented international borders that were demarcated by the colonial powers in order to ease the control of violent tribal groups (Strayer, 2013). Differences in experiences of the former colonies and developing countries in the twentieth century to the earlier ‘new nations’ in the Americas in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries After attainment of independence, experienced internal power conflicts among the several states since the federal government had the powers to set the public policies and collect taxes across the country (Strayer, 2013). Accordingly, some states worried that centralization of power would lead to abuse of human rights and thus amendments to the US constitution was necessary in order to entrench the bill of rights (Strayer, 2013). The ‘new nations’ in Americas attained independence after revolutions that occurred in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The French revolution, Spanish and Portuguese revolutions led to creation of independent countries in Latin America such as Chile, Uruguay, Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia and Argentina. However, internal divisions in Latin America marked the onset of creation of many of the new governments and countless revolts that prohibited Latin America from being united (Strayer, 2013). The new nations experienced political instability due to lack of constitutions and weak political systems that granted opportunity to rise of military leaders. Latin American new nations experienced social instability since the ruling elite and rebellions that led to mass murders and population transfers from native agricultural lands (Strayer, 2013). Central and North America experienced high growth in trade-networks and economic expansion of commercial agriculture due to availability of indentured servitudes that came from countries like India and China (Strayer, 2013). Accordingly, ‘new nations’ Americas saw growth in the size of militaries in the 19th century due to increased war tensions and military innovation by European countries. The encounter with other people and migration of the citizens led to diseases like smallpox, measles and influenza thus leading to d eath of thousands of citizens in those countries (Strayer, 2013). The new nations experienced religious revival and Great Awakening that spread across America due to advent of evangelicalism that believed new ‘new birth’ in spreading the gospel. There was spread of various religious denominations such as Methodists, Baptists, and Presbyterians that countered the beliefs of Quakers and Congregationalists (Strayer, 2013). The former colonies experienced neo-colonialism that contributed to decline in autonomy and political viability of the existing independent states. The former colonizers desired to maintain their influence through providing economic assistance in return for development contracts and markets for goods thus contributing to cordial relations with the former

Is the green movement sincere or just a popular fad Essay

Is the green movement sincere or just a popular fad - Essay Example They do not have any positive impact to the movement. Consumers and environmentalist have difficulties in differentiating retailers who are sincere in environmental matters and those who are acting in pretence. There seem to be a number of people who are not genuine in the green movement. This leaves one with the question whether green has to be accompanied with pretence. However, insecurity has been sighted as the major reason of pretentiousness in the green movement. He said that people get pretentious to hide their insecurities. For example, if one doubts their own greenness, then it is obvious that others are conscious about their effort in making the environment green (Miller, 2010). Another thing that makes the green movement a fad is the fact that people are out to looking good without doing anything constructive. They instead embark on criticizing effort of other people who are working towards a green environment. They want to cover their insensitive lifestyles so that they cannot be questioned. This can be said to be an intimidating the intellectuals. Going green is a very important innovation to the environment. However, it got some elements of fad that need to be eliminated for it to be successful. The first is that people should stop labelling. Instead of going around telling people that they are environmentalist; let their actions tell of it. The second one is to be confident about the environment. Understanding the importance of a healthy environment will enable people to be confident of the environment (Miller, 2010).The third is to remove from our minds the notion that one can go green only by buying something. On the contrary, going green can be achieved in many other ways other than purchasing products. Last but not least, one should consider himself as part of the solution. This ensures that every person feels responsible and accountable for what happens to our environment. This is regardless of our gender, religion,

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn AP English Essay Example for Free

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn AP English Essay The? becoming? of? age? novel? Huckleberry? Finn? by? Mark? Twain? follows? the? progression? of? Huck? Finn’s? response? to? â€Å"sivilization†.? Miss? Watson? and? Widow? Douglass? struggle? in? their? attempt? to? give? Huck? a? respectful? upbringing,? but? having? an? absent? father? leads? him? to? make? his? own? decisions.? Huck? has? never? had? an? opportunity? to? learn? the? basic? fundamentals? of? the? civilization? surrounding? him.? Therefore? leaving? him? to? create? his? morals? based? off? of? first? hand? experience.? Huck’s? reaction? to? influences? trying? to? civilize? him? go? against? everything?  he? has? learned? from? his? gut? feelings,? the? question? is? which? one? is? right Throughout? the? course? of? the? novel? Huck? faces? the? necessary? opportunities? to? make? the? important? choices? that? develop? his? independent? moral? center? while? discovering? what? is? right? and? wrong. ? ? To? begin,? Huck’s? father? is? an? alcoholic? and? does? not? care? for? him? the? way? he? should,? leaving? him? to? stay? with? Miss? Watson? and? Widow? Douglas.? At? Miss? Watson’s? house? her? slave? Jim? the? second? main? character? is? introduced.? Huck? is? raised? in? the? same? way? every? other? white?  boy? is,? growing? up? around? the? idea? that? slavery? is? a? societal? norm.? After? Huck? receives? money? he? and? his? best? friend,? Tom? Sawyer,? discover? Huck’s? father? makes? an? uninvited? appearance? to? rob? his? son? of? all? his? earnings.? Huck’s? Pap? does? whatever? is? in? his? power? to? get? a? hold? of? the? money? after? Huck? gave? Judge? Thatcher? his? wealth? in? exchange? for? a? dollar.? Pap? takes? Huck? away? and? hold? him? in? isolation? far? in? a? cabin? in? the? woods.? The? little? trust? Huck? had? put? into? his? society? has? vanished? because? of? the? continuous? failure? in?  the? protection? the? system? should? provide.? Huck comes? to? the? brave? decision? to? escape? and? venture? out? on? his? own? down? the? Mississippi? to? escape? civilization’s? illogical? expectations.? ? ?Reflecting,? the? duration? of? his? stay? with? the? widow? and? Miss? Watson? Huck? learns? to? fear? the? act? of? becoming? civilized? because? civilization? is? a? loss? of? freedom.? Even? civil? Miss? Watson? the? devout? Christian? thinks? nothing? of? being? a? slave? owner.? The? morals? presented? by? society? is? nothing? Huck? wants? to? be? apart? of.? After? the? return? of? his? Pap? Huck? is?  under? constant? mental? and? physical? abuse? and? Judge? Thatcher? and? Widow? Douglas? fight? for? custody,? but? the? new? judge? in? town? does? little? to? help? Huck.? Based? off? the? poor? decision? making? of? the? town? wisdom? and? morality? is? questionable? among? higher? authorities.? The? allowed? cruelty? that? Huck? is? forced? to? endure? confuses? the? concept? of? good? and? bad,? right? and? wrong,? moral? and? immoral.? How? can? a? world? filled? with? so? much? cruelty? be? social? correct ? At? the? beginning? of? the? novel? Huck,? Tom? and? a? few? other? boys? decided? to? create? a? gang.? A? gang? that? consists? of? stealing? and? killing? people? without? a? care? of? what? happens? as? a? result.? These? thoughts? came? from? young? boys? who? thought? nothing? about? others? lives? and? the? consequences? that? come? shortly? behind.? Immaturity? at? their? age? is? very? prominent? in? the? words? they? use? to? express? themselves.? Huck’s? inexperience? with? death? quickly? changes? after? his? escape.? Huck? and? Jim? both? in? search? for? freedom? have? been? newly? alienated? from? society? on? finding? Jackson? Island.? The? worry? free? dreamlike? setting,? is? a? safe? peaceful? place? where?  food? is? abundant.? After? both? making? a? break? from? society? the? independence? they? both? have? discovered? gives? them? a? chance? to? get? to? know? each? other? as? men,? rather? in? the? white? boy? to? slave? setting.? The? lack? of? hypocrisy? and? society? injustice? on? the? island? is? a? paradise? neither? of? them? are? willing? to? give? up.? Seeing? the? murdered? man? in? the? floating? house? is? a? reminder? that? they? are? not? isolated? from? the? world.? Jim? wholeheartedly? intercepts? the? view? between? Huck? and? the? dead? man,? doing? his? best? to? keep? Huck’s? youth? and? emotion? in?  tact.? This? person? we? discover? at? the? end? of? the? novel? in? his? father? and? as? a? result? Huck? and? Jim? spend? their? time? on? the? raft.? The? raft? is? a? haven? of? brotherhood? and? equality,? as? both? are? looking? for? refuge? and? peace? from? a? society? that? has? treated? them? poorly.? The? time? Huck? spent? having? conversations? with? Jim? were? the? most? valuable? to? him? in? the? process? of? his? growth.? Discovering? the? only? true? difference? between? them? was? the? color? of? their? skin.? ? In? particular,? the? experience? of? Huck? meeting? the? Duke? and? the? Kind? causes? Huck’s? moral? transformation.? After? drifting? down? the? river? with? the? two? frequent? liars? Huck? creates? and? understanding? of? how? truly? wrong? it? is? to? lie? and? steal.? Prompting? Huck? to? change? his? actions thus? comprehending? the? wrong? he? would? have? been? doing? in? Tom? Sawyer’s? gang.? When? first? introduced? to? these? men? Huck,? Jim,? and? the? reader? are? trusting? knowing? the? King? has? â€Å"done? considerable? in? the? doctoring? way? in? [his]? time†? (92).? The? readers? is? experiencing? the? coming? of? age? alongside? huck? growing? with? him? and? making? the? same? mistakes,?whether? it? is? trusting? the? Duke? and? the? King? or? encouraging? Huck’s? lying? in? chaotic? situations.? It? is? the? King? and? Duke? that? illustrate? the? pain? lies? can? put? someone? through,? especially? after? pretending? to? be? family? of? Peter? Wilks? who? had? just? past? leaving? money? for? his? family.? It? is? clear? to? Huck? that? the? robbers? are? a? perfect? representation? of? the? greed? and? fraud? that? occurs? in? civilization.? This? civilization? Huck? is? suppose? to? return? to? is? â€Å"enough? to? make? a? body? ashamed? of? the? human? race. †? (162)? ? To? conclude,? Huck’s? journey?  with? Jim? alongside? evolves? his? character? into? discovering? the? desired? moral? compass.? Pointing? him? away? from? societies? norms? and? to? a? place? filled? with? moral? independence.? To? be? clear,? Huck? no? longer? wants? to? â€Å"tie? Jim? to? the? tree? for? fun,†? (4)? he? recognizes? the? feelings? and? intelligence? a? slave? can? have.? Ensuring? there? should? be? no? difference? in? the? way? whites? and? blacks? should? be? treated.? Huck? had? come? full? circle? after? his? journey? down? the? Mississippi,? putting? his? life? on? the? line? for? a? black? just? as? he? would? have? done? for?  any? of? his? friends.? Civilization? had? never? been? correct? in? the? way? generations? of? children? have? been? raised,? no? one? is? born? racist.? In? this? sense? it’s? true? that? Huck? never? lost? this? aspect? of? himself,? knowing? deep? down? that? all? men? were? created? equal.? â€Å"It? was? fifteen? minutes? before? I? could? work? myself? up? to? go? to? humble? myself? to? a? nigger? but? I? done? it,? and? I? warn’t? ever? sorry? for? it? afterwards,? neither.? I? didn’t? do? him? no? more? mean? tricks,? and? I? wouldn’t? done? that? one? if? I’d? knowed? it? would? make? him? feel? that? way. †? (65

Reactions to Oppression in Jamaica and South Africa :: Jamaica Oppressed Culture Religion Essays

Reactions to Oppression in Jamaica and South Africa "Bob Marley said How long shall they kill our prophets While we stand aside and look Little did he know that eventually The enemy will stand aside and look While we slash and kill our own brothers Knowing that already they are the victims of the situation" Lucky Dube, Victims Lucky Dube is a reggae artist from South Africa singing in a fight against oppression in his country. Like Jamaica, South Africa has been oppressed since the days of the European colonizers. The only difference is some Africans lost their land and others were stolen from their land. In this paper, the reactions of Africans (Jamaicans included) to oppression will be surveyed through politics, religion, and music. This will be done through a comparison of these ideas between South Africa and Jamaica. Both these countries have been subjected to nearly 400 years of oppression of Europeans over Africans. The oppression of the indigenous people of South Africa began with the colonization by the Dutch through the Dutch East India Company. The cape of South Africa proved to be a perfect resting spot for ships on their course from Holland or India. (Lapping, p. 1-2) Conflict was inevitable and finally after 7 years of settlement the indigenous Khoikhoi attacked the colony. The Khoikhioi could not match the firearms of the Dutch. (Lapping, p. 3) Van Riebeek, who proceeded over the colony had now gained superiority over the indigenous people, imported slaves, and settled the freeburghers. The freeburghers were settled on large farms, which required strong laborers. This is where the slaves came in handy since the colony did not like the Khoikhoi labor. As the freeburghers and the slaves married, a population called the Cape coloreds arose. No more Dutch were sent since this was to be a refreshing post. In 1688, after an outbreak of religious persecution in France, some two hundred French H ugeuenots arrived. (Lapping, p. 3-5) As the colony grew, the farmers (Boers) began to move forward inland. The conflicts between them and the indigenous people increased. By 1702, fights began breaking out with another indigenous culture, the Xhosa. The white mans claim to the land, ‘We were here first.’ This is however not true because the Portuguese had traded with the Xhosa before the Dutch arrived. These were not the only inhabitants of the interior, there were as the Sotho, which are now present day Botswanans and the Zulu.

The Physics of Riding Bulls Essay -- Sports Rodeo Essays

The Physics of Riding Bulls Rodeo is a sport that came about by everyday work being made into competition. Every event in rodeo has a practical purpose; all but one that is. There is no practical reason to get on a bull; only the thrills, chills, and rush of excitement. It ¡Ã‚ ¦s more than a challenge between riders. It ¡Ã‚ ¦s a challenge between man and beast. Legendary cowboy Larry Mahan had an even different way of looking at it. He said,  ¡Ã‚ §It ¡Ã‚ ¦s not a challenge with the animal but with the weakness in one ¡Ã‚ ¦s self ¡Ã‚ ¨. At any rate, it ¡Ã‚ ¦s all about the challenge. The challenge is simple; stay on the bull ¡Ã‚ ¦s back for eight seconds while keeping one hand fee from contact with the bull or your own body. Well it sounds simple anyways. Bull riding is a difficult challenge that involves overcoming many forces. Bulls will try just about anything to get a rider off their back. This includes raring, kicking, spinning, jumping, belly rolls, and some unintended moves such as stumbling and falling down. All the moves produce some sort of force the rider has to overcome. Fortunately the rider can produce a few forces of their own. Mainly, the rider only has a combination or leg strength and arm strength to counter with. But, there is a lot that a rider can do to overcome these forces through body positioning. There are really two different types of bulls; fast bulls, and strong bulls. Fast bulls are the hardest to ride. Typically, a bull can move much faster that a human making it difficult for the rider to keep up. There are basically three types of motions that a bull can make: linear, circular, and rotational. Linear motions include the rare, kick, jump, and just plain running. Circular motions include spinning. Rotational m... ...ay at the center point of the circle. Some bulls can do so many random and different moves so fast that the rider may black out or loose focus. The only way to really get good is through experience. Experience trains the subconscious so that as the rider feels what the bull is doing he can react faster. A bull rider must also be in great shape. Much energy is spent in the course of a bull ride. The energy is equal to the force applied times the distance traveled. The forces are great and as fast as a bull can move they can cover a lot of ground in eight seconds. This adds up to a lot of energy being expended. Bull riding can be loads of fun. But it is definitely no picnic. WORKS CITED Kirkpatrick, Larry D., and Gerald F. Wheeler. Physics A World View, Fourth Edition. 1992. Orlando: Harcourt, 2001. p. 275. http://plabpc.csustan.edu/astro/newton/cpetal.htm The Physics of Riding Bulls Essay -- Sports Rodeo Essays The Physics of Riding Bulls Rodeo is a sport that came about by everyday work being made into competition. Every event in rodeo has a practical purpose; all but one that is. There is no practical reason to get on a bull; only the thrills, chills, and rush of excitement. It ¡Ã‚ ¦s more than a challenge between riders. It ¡Ã‚ ¦s a challenge between man and beast. Legendary cowboy Larry Mahan had an even different way of looking at it. He said,  ¡Ã‚ §It ¡Ã‚ ¦s not a challenge with the animal but with the weakness in one ¡Ã‚ ¦s self ¡Ã‚ ¨. At any rate, it ¡Ã‚ ¦s all about the challenge. The challenge is simple; stay on the bull ¡Ã‚ ¦s back for eight seconds while keeping one hand fee from contact with the bull or your own body. Well it sounds simple anyways. Bull riding is a difficult challenge that involves overcoming many forces. Bulls will try just about anything to get a rider off their back. This includes raring, kicking, spinning, jumping, belly rolls, and some unintended moves such as stumbling and falling down. All the moves produce some sort of force the rider has to overcome. Fortunately the rider can produce a few forces of their own. Mainly, the rider only has a combination or leg strength and arm strength to counter with. But, there is a lot that a rider can do to overcome these forces through body positioning. There are really two different types of bulls; fast bulls, and strong bulls. Fast bulls are the hardest to ride. Typically, a bull can move much faster that a human making it difficult for the rider to keep up. There are basically three types of motions that a bull can make: linear, circular, and rotational. Linear motions include the rare, kick, jump, and just plain running. Circular motions include spinning. Rotational m... ...ay at the center point of the circle. Some bulls can do so many random and different moves so fast that the rider may black out or loose focus. The only way to really get good is through experience. Experience trains the subconscious so that as the rider feels what the bull is doing he can react faster. A bull rider must also be in great shape. Much energy is spent in the course of a bull ride. The energy is equal to the force applied times the distance traveled. The forces are great and as fast as a bull can move they can cover a lot of ground in eight seconds. This adds up to a lot of energy being expended. Bull riding can be loads of fun. But it is definitely no picnic. WORKS CITED Kirkpatrick, Larry D., and Gerald F. Wheeler. Physics A World View, Fourth Edition. 1992. Orlando: Harcourt, 2001. p. 275. http://plabpc.csustan.edu/astro/newton/cpetal.htm

Women Development

Women’s condition in Nepal is even worse compared to their average situation in the world. Despite positive and improving reports in the situation, there is a long way to go to really make them feel that they are not exploited and discriminated. The female literacy rate of Nepal is about 35 percent, according to recent report, compared to male literacy rate of 63 percent. This vast difference exists not only in educational sector but also in almost each sector. The education is the foundation of awareness and further development.When they are barred from education, there is chance of discriminations being unreported forcing women to be quiet. The women in Nepal are exploited in many aspects. Sexual abuse and girl trafficking still persists which demands adoption of immediate measures to prevent the situation from being more worsened. Most of the victims of human trafficking in Nepal are girls who end up in the brothel of Indian cities. The female victims of domestic violence a re kept secret with the fear of losing social reputation specially to be prevented form possible refusal from their male counterparts and there no clear law to deal with the situation.In the remote villages of Nepal, women take care almost everything from bringing up children, manage food, taking care of cattle, collecting fodder and firewood to working in the fields. Despite their significant contribution in the family and society, they are mistreated and blamed for minor mistakes. The situation of Nepalese women seems to be improving in cities but the scene in the remote villages and hinterland is not changing at all. They are the victim of religion, culture and their male ‘guardians’.The Chaupadi system in western hill region of Nepal is yet to be rooted out, the Kamlari system in West Terai is still allowing to sell innocent teenage girls to unknown masters. The Muslim society of the country is still not awaken up to send all of their daughters in school, the drunke n husband has not stopped beating his wife without any reason and Dalit women are still treated as second class citizen by so called upper classes. These are only some examples of current situation of women in Nepal. The worldwide condition of the women is not better either.No matter where, the half of the world population should be addressed in each and every aspect of the life. The mere participation can not be much effective for the overall development of the society. Women’s problems are effectively dealt only by women themselves. Keeping them out of the social and political activities may cause social dilemma in the nation. The vivid example of relation between empowerment of women and social and economical development can be seen in many developed European countries.Sweden, which is known as a country with the best condition of women in the world is one of the most developed country in the world as well. Though in those developed countries too, the situation of women is not better than those of male, they are doing their best to keep the balance and further improve the situation. Thus the messages from those developed countries is ‘Empowering female means development of the nation’. The female participation in social, economical and political activities in the country like Nepal is vitally important. Women's legal rights and participation in civil society are limited across the country.Nepal is moderately religious country with vast numbers of ethnic groups, though it has been declared as a secular state after king was striped of his power by reinstated parliament in 2006. Though it used to be Hindu kingdom, there were no religion-related fanaticisms in the country. Nepalese are also relatively less repulsive to change. Hence, improving the women situation in Nepal is comparatively easier than many other countries in the world. Women are contributing more than 50 percent of the agricultural jobs which is considered as a backbone of Ne pal’s economy (Agriculture contributes Nepal's total GDP by 40 percent).They are the first teachers of their kids who are the source of future development of the country. Active participation of women in social, political and political arena means educated kids, improved health situation slipped human trafficking, declining HIV/AIDS infection rate and many other in current Nepal’s social scenario. They can make much difference in the outlook of our current society. They must be encouraged and given opportunity to walk parallel with their male counterparts. Even though some important laws are still missing, there are substantial laws n the nation to guarantee the right of women. Many laws are being modified to address the real need of the change and to follow up the international regulations but the situation is not getting much better. The law is only the way, we are the walker and if we do not walk our talk, the situation of women may never change and so will do the n ation’s situation. Women on the other hand should be aware of their situation act on their own. Many organizations working in the field should be able to extend their approach to the villages of remote areas.Political parties are advocating their commitment on equal participation of women in all fields but it has not been seen in the practice. Political leadership is still largely occupied by men essentially leading unequal equal participation in policy making level. So, it has to be done from the very base level. Lack of education is root cause of the situation. Female education has been shown to have a dramatic impact on women's earning power and on families' welfare but progress toward gender equality in education still lags behind to those of boys.Education for all should be guaranteed by the government which will certainly help to eliminate not only women discrimination but also other discriminations (ethnic, regional, religious etc. ) across the country. Once the litera cy rate rises, so does the female participation in many areas. To empower women, it has to be done by act not by words. The empowerment of the women will be one big step forward to overall development of the nation. As Nepal has already been entered into a new age of change, equality between male and female should be one of the top most priorities for policy makers.

Love: How Is It?

Amrita Sarkar English 1B 19th September 2012 Love: How Is It? Life has lots of emotions: happiness, sorrow, guilt, frustration, love, and so on. Love is the one emotion which brings in huge changes in our lives and a different kind of emotion begins with it. How can we describe it? Describing love is very hard because in every phase of life, characterization of love can be varied. In childhood, through romantic films and stories, we started to get feeling that love is passionate and when people will be going through it, life would be full of happiness.In adulthood, people’s perception about love might change. Those who are fantasizing about love realized that it is not only about physical attraction but also about relationship, responsibilities and companionship. When ages grow, some people become optimistic about love, some become pessimistic and some of them are on a way to rediscover love. Definition of love can be changed not only with one’s maturity level but also with his/her cultural values.In Raymond Carver story – ‘What We Talk About When We Talk About Love’ – the main protagonists Mel and Terri, and Jhumpa Lahiri’s creation – ‘Going Ashore’ – soon to be married couple, Hema and Navin, had enough knowledge about love but they could not still fully realize it. So, they are on their ways to discover the essence of love. Mel-Terrie and Hema-Navin, all four are mature persons. Individually they all previously experienced love. In ‘What We Talk About When We Talk About Love’, Carver described that Mel and Terri had unsuccessful marriages in the past. Terri’s marriage with Ed was abusive.But Terri claimed that Ed was possessive but loving husband. As a proof, she said about Ed, â€Å"He beat me up one night. He dragged me around the living room by my ankle†. Even with this aggressive behavior toward her, Ed â€Å"†¦ kept saying ‘I love you, I lov e you, you bitch’† (Carver 722). On the other hand, Mel and Marjorie also had a bad marriage. After they ended their relationship, there was no feeling left other than hatred toward each other. Mel expressed his feeling by saying, â€Å"There was a time when I thought I loved my first wife more than life itself. But now I hate her guts†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Carver 725).In ‘Going Ashore’, Navin also went through short-term relationship in the past. But his fiance, Hema, was in a strong, long-lasting relationship with Jullian. Hema was dedicated to the relationship for a decade, but Jullian failed to give her a secure life. Hema’s insecurity about her position in Jullian’s life and her urge for stability were the reasons to end their relationship. She declared to Jullian, â€Å"I’m engaged to be married† (Lahiri 626). After rocky relationship in the past, now everybody is in a new phase of life, but it seems two couples could not connect with each other.Hema and Navin, like many other Indian couples, were going to get married on their parents’ will. Hema was brought-up in western culture. She could not make her mind to marry Navin by such an old approach. She was self-conflicted and her conflict was evident in this quotation, â€Å"she refused to think of it as an arranged marriage, but knew in her heart that that was what it was† (Lahiri 625). She did not bother to wear engagement ring. When people asked her about it she promptly answered, â€Å"I don’t have one. † (Lahiri 634).Hema and Navin’s marriage looked as if they were with each other just for search of stability and companionship in life. Heme was unsure about their marriage even when Navin was planning for their honeymoon and future. Taking decisions about future are required involvement of both partners. They two were so unknown to each other that they could not read each other’s mind. Carver, on the other hand, described Mel as a cardiologist by occupation but he was clueless and emotionless about love. Mel and Terri were married for five years, but they had not been discovered essence of love and companionship.Mel thought that â€Å"real love was nothing less than spiritual love† (Carver 722). He also considered that if â€Å"something happened† to his partner, then â€Å"the other person, would grieve for a while, you know, but then the surviving party would go out and love again,  have someone else soon enough† (Carver 725). In contrast, Terri was fantasizing about her past and wanted to convince other that her ex-marriage was also blissful and passionate. She portrayed Ed’s aggression as love and said to others that, â€Å"†¦ he loved me† but â€Å"In his own way maybe†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Carver 722).It seems very strange when two people were in bonding like marriage but they talked about their ex, how much they loved them, scope of future new rela tionship, and their failure to understand one another. These incidents indicated that how much they were detached to each other. Bonding between them was very fragile. In most relationships across the globe, one element is very common – male dominance. The stories about these two couples were also not different. Both characters, Mel and Navin, were highly educated. They were financially stronger than their spouses and were controlling their relationships.In a party at their place with friends, when Mel said to Terri to â€Å"Just shut up for once in your life†, it expressed his supremacy in their marriage. Mel verbally abused Terri in front of guests, but she did not protest. In the ‘Going Ashore’, Navin was also controlling in taking mutual decisions. He was contemplating for a baby all by himself and cancelled their honeymoon plan at Goa. During those plans, he did not care to know about Hema’s wishes. From portrayal of characters and incidents, w e got an idea that in Mel-Terri’s relationship, Terri was more dependent on her spouse.She was still abused verbally by Mel. But Hema, a PhD scholar and a lecturer at Wellesley College, was more independent. She had total control over her life. Her decade-long relationship with Jullian makes her stronger. At the age thirty seven, when biological clock was ticking away, her parents wanted to see her get settled and she also wished for it. Hema belonged to Indian society where arrange marriage is very common. So, she agreed to go for her marriage by her parents’ choice. From Carver’s description, we did not get any indication about Terri’s education background and job status.Mel’s attitude toward her showed that her character was weaker than Hema. Jhumpa Lahiri’s â€Å"Going Ashore† portrayed its characters whose origin was in India but they were immigrants to America and adopted western culture. In India, people have different values t han we find in America. Indian culture believes that person should sacrifice for relation. People in India are motivated to reform themselves to strengthen relationship and to respect it lifelong. Hema and Navin were getting married by knowing each other only for few months. In between her wedding with Navin, Hema was attracted to Kausik at Rome.Their bonding was great but they did not commit to each other because of family values. Family was very important to Hema – that was why she asked her parents to find a suitable groom for her. Thus, Hema’s parents found Navin for her and she also believed that Navin was probably a suitable guy for her too. In Indian culture, marriage is an institute which also creates bonding between two families. Hema and Navin were taking risk to know each other and to spend their lives together by getting married for the sake of their families.In contrast, Mel-Terri was started dating when Terri’s was still married to Ed. And Mel ende d his marriage with Marjorie, despite the fact that they had two children. Their family bonding was very feeble. Mel had not even understood value of selfless love and stable relationship. When two people were deeply in love with each other, he thought this emotion was hilarious and phony. Through the representation of ‘What We Talk About When We Talk About Love’, we feel pessimistic about love but ‘Going Ashore’ is hopeful about new beginning.Jhumpa Lahiri and Raymond Carver also give us different views of love that changes with cultural background. In American culture, people give emphasis to their sentiments rather than family values. Lahiri shows us different angle of relationship. But both stories show us that dominance toward women is present in every part of globe and in every form of relationship. After reading these stories, we get different views of love, from which I realized that we should respect our partner and care for their thoughts.We, also , should give them equal space for healthy and better future relationship. Both the stories, ‘What We Talk About When We Talk About Love’ and ‘Going Ashore’, show us new direction and help us to review our bonding with near and dear ones. Works Cited Carver, Raymond. â€Å"What We Talk About When We Talk About Love. † Making Literature Matter. 5th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2012. 721-30. Print. Lahiri, Jumpa. â€Å"Going Ashore. † Making Literature Matter. 5th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2012. 622-46. Print.